In the 1920s when they first set up federal agencies to regulate the US economy, people sued to have them shut down as unconstitutional.
And the Supreme Court said they were constitutional, for a number of reasons. One was, they were limited to some parts of the economy. if you couldn't stand being regulated by the Food and Drug Administration,you could join the majority of Americans who aren't doing anything regulated by them. And they were optional, so the House and Senate and President could end the agency.
Or, the House could unilaterally refuse to pass funding for the agency. There would still be a law on the books creating that agency, but no money would be spent on it. Any 2 years, the American people could elect a new majority in the House of Representatives that woud refuse to spend money on that agency. So, go solve it that way, said the Court.
Back in 1800, the Democrats were so upset about military spending, they refused to pay for any US Navy warships. We had a Navy bureaucracy but no fleet.
It is a power the House of Representatives "inherited" from the British House of Commons. The King of England could make war as he liked and kill traitors, but he couldn't spend money unless the Commons voted for spending. Administratively, it balances out the fact that the military, law enforcement and diplomatic powers are all combined in one guy.
I'd point out that, by law, they're supposed to have 1 funding bill every year called a budget, and for 5 years the Democrats in the Senate refuse to pass one, because they would have to proclaim how much they want to spend over the next year, and then, if they went over that, come back and admit they couldn't control the spending. And if they did that, people would notice the US debt has doubled over the last 5 years.
Instead of a budget, they insist on temporary spending bills and debt limit votes, so we keep having this fight several times a year.
And the House has voted repeatedly to fund everything BUT those programs, and the Senate keeps refusing to go along.
As for shutdowns, there have been 12 since the 1970s. There haven't been any in Washington since 1995, because from 1995-2001 Clinton was President and the Republicans didn't think the 1995 shutdown was a huge success, and Clinton was more bendable than Obama is. Clinton passed the Defense of Marriage Act and the Welfare Reform law, so by Obama's standards he was a rightwing bigot.
From 2001 to 2007 there was a Republican House and Republican President, so there wasn't going to be a shutdown.
From 2007 to 2009 the Democrat House was trying to be popular and not make Democrats smell, so they'd win the 2008 Presidential election.
From 2009 to 2011 there was a Democrat House and Democrat President, so there wasn't going to be a shutdown.
From 2011 to today, there was a Republican House that is led by asshat wimps who preferred to look L33T by negotiating compromises with Obama, so there hasn't really been a shutdown yet. There is one now because they realized they will lose millions of voters for being lying wimps.
Senator John McCain, supposedy a Republican, got on the Senate floor on TV and said, Obama's election settled it, he won, he gets what he wants, it's up to Republicans to support his stewardship. Even if you agree with him, maybe especially if you agree with him, shouldn't the Democrat he ran against last election have won and been on the Senate floor to make that speech?
The House Republican majority was elected to stop Obamacare. That's what they're doing. We're under no obligation to keep paying for the same mistakes forever.
The core joke of Hitchhiker's Guide to the Galaxy is that of course no civilization would develop personal computers with instant remote database recovery, and then waste this technology to find good drinks.
Steve Jobs has ruined this joke.