Re: Feminism: Liberal vs Radical
One annoying fact about socially conservative Republicans is that they conflate Liberal Feminism with Radical Feminism. So in this thread, I am going to briefly describe the difference between the two.
Liberal Feminism
Liberal Feminists believe that the the source of women's oppression is the legal, cultural, and biological barriers to entry that deny women equality of opportunity and meritocracy. To remedy this problem, Liberal Feminists maintain that these barriers to entry must be lifted and power more equitably distributed among men and women. Traditionally, the barriers to entry Liberal Feminists focused on were mainly legal, such as women's suffrage. Since the first wave, Liberal Feminism has expanded to include biological and cultural barriers to entry. For example, Liberal Feminists view access to contraception and abortion as an essential remedy for the trade-off between family and career otherwise faced by the majority of women, which compelled them to depend on a husband for economic support.
Some Liberal Feminists further argue that, due to convention, just lifting the barriers to entry is insufficient for women's liberation. So they additionally propose that fairer representation among women is necessary, usually recommending temporary quotas in employment and higher education as a remedy.
In short, Liberal Feminists are about equal opportunity and meritocracy.
Radical Feminism
Radical Feminists believe that the source of women's oppression is based on a dyadic relationship characterized by master/slave. For example, men are expected to be strong and dominant, whereas women weak and submissive. So Radical Feminists direct much of their criticisms on porngraphy and prostitution, because they believe it objectifies women. Rather than seeing women as a whole who care about their goals, desires and personality, men see women as tools and concern themselves with their component parts (breasts, legs). To them, objectification results in an attitude that men have a right to access women's bodies for their own one-sided pleasure.
Some Radical Feminists are even more radical, insisting that the nature of heterosexuality itself entails male dominance and female submission. As Andrea Dworkin described it, intercourse involves penetrating a woman's physical barriers to puncture and occupy her body. A good number of these Radical Feminists, such as Sheila Jeffreys, also maintain that women's aesthetic standards result from men's sadistic desires. For example, men satisfy their sadistic thrills by forcing women to become anorexic in order to meet their standards of beauty. These Feminists generally suggest lesbianism as the only possible remedy. Their hatred of heterosexuality has motivated some of them to campaign against pornography and prostitution.
And that is a quick, informative summary. There are other feminist theories, but Liberal and Radical Feminism are the two most popular. Hopefully, social conservatives will one day stop conflating the two, and even better, stop funding radical feminists to do their laughably biased research in pornography and prostitution. One last tidbit, Radical Feminism is an offshoot of the now mostly dead Marxist Feminism.